应用后缘装置的跨声速层流翼型多岛优化设计

高雷诺数状态下,自然层流技术(Natural laminar flow,NLF)是减小机翼表面湍流摩擦阻力的有效方法。然而由于层流翼面上大范围顺压梯度的存在使得后缘处的恢复压差更大,产生更强的激波。因此在减小摩擦阻力的同时又增加了激波阻力。本文采用后缘装置(Trailing edge device,TED)来控制翼型后缘处的激波强度,基于线性稳定性理论(Linear stability theory,LST)的eN方法对流动进行转捩判断,进而应用多岛并行多目标进化算法(multi-objective evolutionary algorithm,MOEA)以获得大范围层流区域和弱化激波强度为目标对翼型进行优化设计。优化结果表明合作均衡策略耦合进化算法可以快速地捕捉到该多目标问题的Pareto阵面解,阵面上翼型的波阻力和摩擦阻力性能较初始翼型大大改善。同时,采用后缘装置控制激波强度时,无论在设计点还是偏离设计点时,优化后翼型均具有良好的升阻力特性和鲁棒性。     

星载激光通信终端在轨机动对温度影响

对激光通信终端在轨瞬态温度变化开展了仿真，以期研究在轨机动的影响、热分析和热试验时机动模式的简化模拟。通过合理地分析与简化，建立终端的轨道热分析模型，准确模拟在轨机动，根据典型机动模式、外热流和涂层退化等因素设计了计算工况，得出了终端在轨运行过程中的温度场随时间和姿态变化规律。结果表明：不同机动模式下的温度变化存在差异，最大可达23.0℃，采用固定姿态或一维转动的简化热分析或热试验不能准确模拟实际飞行温度，甚至不能部分替代二维转动热分析或热试验；光学天线和反射镜的温度控制是制约终端工作的瓶颈，为终端设计合适的避光机动策略，可大幅度提高温度稳定度和均匀度。研究结果可以为光机电设备在轨机动策略的设计和改进提供参考。     

类IXV飞行器初期再入制导与姿态控制方法研究

摘要： 针对类IXV飞行器无翼式升力体构型及采用RCS/尾襟翼组合控制特点，研究其初期再入段的高精度制导与姿态控制方法.设计带过程约束的数值预测 校正制导律以提高制导系统的鲁棒性及精确性；根据其执行机构配置特点，设计基于RCS的航向控制律及基于RCS/气动舵的纵、横向复合控制律，并采用鲁棒伺服LQR技术进行控制参数快速设计.通过蒙特卡洛打靶仿真来验证算法的精度及鲁棒性.     

涡轮基组合循环发动机分布式控制系统通信网络混合拓扑结构优化方法

涡轮机组合循环(Turbine based combined cycle,TBCC)发动机控制系统通信网络拓扑结构是其分布式控制系统方案设计的重要部分,优化网络拓扑结构可提高发动机推重比和控制系统可靠性。本文基于智能优化算法提出TBCC分布式控制系统网络拓扑结构优化方法。基于图论建立TBCC几何模型和网格模型,以重量和可靠性为优化性能指标,同时考虑发动机表面高温区域以及控制节点的工作可靠性,分别采用粒子群算法和遗传算法优化星形结构中智能中央节点位置、中央节点的环形拓扑结构,获得星形-环形混合拓扑结构。仿真实例表明,基于本文方法优化所得的混合拓扑结构相较于星形集中式控制结构,系统重量降低了51.9%。     

高空发动机试车台矢量推力现场动态校准技术

根据发动机试车台矢量推力现场动态校准需求，通过系统化论证，针对试车台的技术要求及校准需求，解决发动机试车台现场实际使用和实验室校准条件不同造成的附加测量误差、试验台推力无法整体校准等问题。文中提出了利用摆锤式动态力加载装置实现标准矢量力加载的方案，为了验证设计方案的可行性，利用现有的设备研究验证校准方案，通过试验和分析给出了校准不确定度。结果表明：该方案动态性能优异，响应迅速，动态校准不确定度为2.2%，能满足高空发动机试车台矢量推力测试的需求，为后续进一步准确测试矢量推力提供了依据。     

A comparative study of ionospheric IRIEup and ISP assimilative models during some intense and severe geomagnetic storms

Three-dimensional (3-D) electron density matrices, computed in the Mediterranean area by the IRI climatological model and IRIEup and ISP nowcasting models, during some intense and severe geomagnetic-ionospheric storms, were ingested by the ray tracing software tool IONORT, to synthesize quasi-vertical ionograms. IRIEup model was run in different operational modes: (1) assimilating validated autoscaled electron density profiles only from a limited area which, in our case, is the Mediterranean sector (IRIEup_re(V) mode); (2) assimilating electron density profiles from a larger region including several stations spread across Europe: (a) without taking care of validating the autoscaled data in the assimilation process (IRIEup(NV)); (b) validating carefully the autoscaled electron density profiles before their assimilation (IRIEup(V)).The comparative analysis was carried out comparing IRI, IRIEup_re(V), ISP, IRIEup(NV), and IRIEup(V) foF2 synthesized values, with corresponding foF2 measurements autoscaled by ARTIST, and then validated, at the truth sites of Roquetes (40.80°N, 0.50°E, Spain), San Vito (40.60°N, 17.80°E, Italy), Athens (38.00°N, 23.50°E, Greece), and Nicosia, (35.03°N, 33.16°E, Cyprus). The outcomes demonstrate that: (1) IRIEup_re(V), performs better than ISP in the western Mediterranean (around Roquetes); (2) ISP performs slightly better than IRIEup_re(V) in the central part of Mediterranean (around Athens and San Vito); (3) ISP performance is better than the IRIEup_re(V) one in the eastern Mediterranean (around Nicosia); (4) IRIEup(NV) performance is worse than the IRIEup(V) one; (5) in the central Mediterranean area, IRIEup(V) performance is better than the IRIEup_re(V) one, and it is practically the same for the western and eastern sectors.Concerning the overall performance, nowcasting models proved to be considerably more reliable than the climatological IRI model to represent the ionosphere behaviour during geomagnetic-ionospheric storm conditions; ISP and IRIEup(V) provided the best performance, but neither of them has clearly prevailed over the other one.     

热防护系统损伤容限分析

建立了含初始矩形损伤的热防护系统(Thermal protection system,TPS)气动热分析的CFD数值模型,分析结果表明损伤区域侧壁出现了很高的热流密度峰值,并且迎风面侧壁峰值高于背风面,而损伤区域底部热流密度却很低。利用分析获得的热流密度建立了含损伤和无损伤TPS的有限元传热分析模型。分析结果表明:损伤的存在导致防热瓦最高温度急剧上升,超过其材料能承受的极限温度(1 500℃),防热瓦首先失效,而损伤对机体最高温度影响较小。最后进行了TPS损伤容限分析,在防热瓦极限温度约束下,外部热流密度最大值从100kW/m2增加到140kW/m2,矩形损伤宽度最大容许值从22.7mm减小到12.6mm,而弧形损伤宽度最大容许值从34.6mm减小到25.1mm,即随着外部热流密度最大值增加,损伤宽度的最大容许值降低,并且相同外部热流密度水平下弧形损伤宽度的最大容许值大于矩形损伤。     

基于避障伪距离的自由漂浮空间机器人规划跟踪一体化控制

针对自由漂浮空间机器人(Free Floating Space Robot,FFSR)的避障规划与控制问题，提出一种FFSR的避障规划-跟踪一体化控制方法。首先，基于障碍物伪距离技术，采用FFSR逆几何模型求解期望末端位姿下的连杆伪距离估计值，进而通过求解非线性优化问题，获得FFSR避障期望轨迹。其次，将全局轨迹规划与局部在线避障相结合，辅以离散状态黎卡提方程（DSDRE）控制方法实现FFSR的避障规划-跟踪一体化控制。最后，采用6R空间机器人模型验证了所提方法的有效性。仿真结果表明，该方法能够实现FFSR的避障控制，有效克服了传统FFSR控制中末端轨迹规划与控制相分离的问题，提高了FFSR的环境适应性。     

软着陆验证试验中月面特性模拟方法

月面特性的模拟是月面软着陆验证试验的重要设计因素。文章结合探测器的设计状态和试验需求,论述了月面特性模拟的具体要求;基于月面地形统计分布规律,实现了月面原始形貌的模拟;通过高程剔除设计和模块化组合设计,实现了对多种典型月貌的快速模拟;最后通过月表反射特性的模拟,全面满足了试验要求,并取得了良好的试验效果。文中所述的模拟方法可为我国后续行星表面探测器及着陆技术的验证提供借鉴。     

Direction finding for two-dimensional incoherently distributed sources with Hadamard shift invariance in non-uniform orthogonal arrays

This paper proposes a novel algorithm for Two-Dimensional (2D) central Direction-of-Arrival (DOA) estimation of incoherently distributed sources. In particular, an orthogonal array structure consisting of two Non-uniform Linear Arrays (NLAs) is considered. Based on first-order Taylor series approximation, the Generalized Array Manifold (GAM) model can first be established to separate the central DOAs from the original array manifold. Then, the Hadamard rotational invariance relationships inside the GAMs of two NLAs are identified. With the aid of such relationships, the central elevation and azimuth DOAs can be estimated through a search-free polynomial rooting method. Additionally, a simple parameter pairing of the estimated 2D angular parameters is also accomplished via the Hadamard rotational invariance relationship inside the GAM of the whole array. A secondary but important result is a derivation of closed-form expressions of the Cramer-Rao lower bound. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve a remarkably higher precision at less complexity increment compared with the existing low-complexity methods, which benefits from the larger array aperture of the NLAs. Moreover, it requires no priori information about the angular distributed function.